What condition is referred to by the abbreviation "CAD"?

The abbreviation "CAD" stands for Coronary Artery Disease, which is a condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque. This plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances that can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to various cardiovascular issues, including chest pain (angina) and heart attacks.

Coronary artery disease is significant as it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recognizing this condition is crucial for early diagnosis and management, which can involve lifestyle changes, medications, and potentially surgical interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery.

The other options refer to different conditions that do not correspond to the abbreviation "CAD," making them incorrect in this context. Understanding the terminology and common abbreviations used in medicine, like CAD for Coronary Artery Disease, is essential for effective communication in healthcare settings.